The History of World
The history of the world refers to the recorded memoirs and reminiscence of the interaction of Homo Sapiens. The oldest records begin with the invention, at different places of earth at their own, of writing that developed the basis for permanence of marks precisely transferring records that were later used for further sharing and growth of knowledge.
One of such period was the coming of Agriculture Revolution. During the period between 8500 and 7000 BC in the Fertile Crescent, a territory in the Near East, including the Levant and Mesopotamia, people commenced a properly planned husbandry of plants and animals to promote agriculture. The trend also reached the nearby areas, and also further spread and evolved at its own till such time when most of the human beings adopted sedentary mode of life.
The farmers also held permanent in-habitations encircling the water source. Such settlements merged into one another some time resulting in huge conglomeration of population, in synchronization with the invention of more efficient means of transportation.
The privileged measure of security and increased agricultural production achieved through extensive farming enabled these sporadic settlements to grow in size. An excess of food promoted division of labor — the burgeoning of leisurely upper class and the emergence of cities and hence of the whole fabric of civilization.
The increasing complication and detail of human societies required a system of accountability. This collective realization helped evolve the system of writing during the Bronze Age. Other occasions of independent evolution of writing the different places on earth made a number of regions to cement their claim of having pioneered the writing and thus of being epicenters of civilization.
Civilizations evolved more vigorously on the banks of rivers. Before 3000 BC, they had been flourishing in the Middle East’s Mesopotamia — a territory between the Euphrates and the Tigris, on the bank of the river Nile, along the Indus river valley and across the great rivers of China.
The time line of the Old World is usually divided into Antiquity: up to about 6th century; the Middle Ages: from 6th through 15th century; the Early Modern Period (including the Renaissance period in Europe): from 16th century to the year 1750; the Modern Period (including Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution): from 1750 to date.
The collapse of Roman Empire in Europe by 476 CE is usually considered marks the end of Antiquity and the commencement of the Middle Ages. A millenium later, by the 15th century, Gutenberg’s invention of printing using movable type gave a boost to mass communication, thereby contributing to formally end the Middle Ages. The Modern times, viz. European Renaissance and Scientific Revolution start at this point. In the 18th century, the juxtaposition of vast knowledge of technology, particularly in Europe, took momentum resulting in the Industrial Revolution.
About a quarter millennium later, the multiple growth of knowledge and technology coupled with dynamic economics and potential devastation caused by the great wars has now resulted in the creation of both opportunities and concerns that pose a future challenge to the globalized human race that now resides the planet earth!